What is it?
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition affecting social communication, behaviour, and sensory processing. Students may have strong abilities in some areas but find social interaction, changes in routine, or sensory input challenging.
The Te Reo word for Autism is Takiwātanga; the meaning of which is ‘in their own time and space’.
How can I identify it?
You might notice students:
- Find group interaction or understanding social cues more challenging.
- Prefer routines and may become unsettled with unexpected change
- Engage passionately with specific interests
- Show sensitivity to sensory input such as sounds, lights, or touch
- Communicate directly or impulsively, may be perceived as blunt
How can I support this student?
- Ask the student directly and empathetically their preferred ways of learning and communicating.
- Provide structured routines and visual schedules to support understanding and reduce uncertainty.
- Allow flexible time for transitions between activities
- Provide a quiet space if the student becomes overwhelmed
- Model and scaffold social interactions to be successful
How can other students support?
- Be empathetic, clear and direct in communication.
- Respect routines or preferences where possible.
- Include them in social and group activities patiently.
- Avoid making fun of differences or special interests.
Further reading:
Supporting Autistic Tertiary Learners – Altogether Autism
Hints and Tips
- Be patient and give clear, direct feedback
- Encourage social interaction in small, structured settings
- Use special interests to engage students in tasks
- Minimise sensory distractions in the classroom
For more in the Neurodiversity Series
How to Support students with Reading Difficulties
What is Dysgraphia: Writing Challenges Explained
What is Dyscalculia: Helping Students Navigate Numbers
Understanding students living with ADHD
Dyspraxia: Coordination and Organisation
What is Special Learning Disabilities (SLD)
What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
What is Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)